explain the terms heredity and evolution
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» Heredity : Parent to progeny
» Evolution : Change of genetic material from one generation to another
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Answer:
Heridity
In the simplest of words, heredity refers to the passing of traits or characteristics through genes from one generation (parent) to the other generation (offspring). This heredity is very evidently seen in sexual reproduction, as the variation of characteristics that are inherited is high.
During the sexual reproduction process, variation occurs due to some error in DNA copying. Variation is important because it contributes to evolution and forms the basis of heredity. Variation is caused due to positive gene mutations, the interaction of genes with the environment and various combinations of genetic material. Remember that variation can occur through asexual reproduction process too.
Evolution
In biology, evolution is the process of change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms from one generation to the next.
The genes that are passed on to an organism's offspring produce the inherited traits that are the basis of evolution. Mutations in genes can produce new or altered traits in individuals, resulting in the appearance of heritable differences between organisms, but new traits also come from the transfer of genes between populations, as in migration, or between species, in horizontal gene transfer. In species that reproduce sexually, new combinations of genes are produced by genetic recombination, which can increase the variation in traits between organisms. Evolution occurs when these heritable differences become more common or rare in a population.