Explain the three annexation policies of the British?
Answers
Answer:
1) Doctrine of Lapse-
According to this doctrine if the ruler of any native state died without a natural heir then that state naturally passed onto the British. An adopted son could only inherit private property not the throne, prominent states to fall to this statement were Nagpur,Satara and Jhansi
2) Subsidiary Alliance-
Under this system the ruler of a native state had to give up or reduce his own army and pay the British for the maintenance of British troops in the state and being guaranteed protection.After joining this agreement a ruler could neither declare war nor could he make peace without the consent of the British.
3) Annexation on the Pretext of Mismanagement
-This pretext was used to take over an Indian state on the grounds that it was not being managed well.Awadh was annexed this way.
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Other than direct conquest the British had 3 other main methods of annexation of Indian states.
1) Doctrine of Lapse-According to this doctrine if the ruler of any native state died without a natural heir then that state naturally passed onto the British. An adopted son could only inherit private property not the throne, prominent states to fall to this statement were Nagpur,Satara and Jhansi
2) Subsidiary Alliance-Under this system the ruler of a native state had to give up or reduce his own army and pay the British for the maintenance of British troops in the state and being guaranteed protection.After joining this agreement a ruler could neither declare war nor could he make peace without the consent of the British.
In case a ruler failed to make the payment( which was quite high in Lord Dalhousie's time) in time then a part of his territory was taken as compensation. eg.Large area of Hyderabad mainly the coastal areas.
3) Annexation on the Pretext of Mismanagement-This pretext was used to take over an Indian state on the grounds that it was not being managed well.Awadh was annexed this way.