Explain the three main developments in the judicial system in 1772.
In about 80-100words.
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Answer:
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Explanation:
Warren Hasting established, two court for resolving disputes –civil disputes for District Diwani Adalat and criminal disputes for District Fauzdari Adalats.
District Diwani Adalat: It was established in districts to resolve the civil disputes which were placed under the collector. In this court Hindu law was applicable for Hindus and Muslim law for Muslim. If people seek more justice then they can move to Sadar Diwani Adalat which was functioned under a president and two members of Supreme Council.
District Fauzdari Adalats: It was set up to resolved the criminal issues which were placed under an Indian officers assisted by Qazi and Muftis. The entire functioning of this court was administered by the collector. The Muslim law was administered in this court. But the approval of capital punishment and for the acquisition was given by the Sadar Nizamat Adalat which headed by a Deputy Nizam who was assisted by the chief Qazi and Chief Mufti.
The formation Supreme Court at Calcutta under the Regulating Act of 1773 AD had original and appellate jurisdiction.
Development of Education during British Period in India
2. Reforms under Cornwallis (1786-1793 AD)
Under Cornwallis, the District Fauzadari Court was abolished and Circuit Court was set at Calcutta, Decca, Murshidabad and Patna. It acts as a court of appeal for civil as well as criminal cases which was functioned under the European judges. He shifted Sadar Nizamat Adalat to Calcutta and put it under the supervision of Governor-General and the members of Supreme Council who were assisted by Chief Qazi and Chief Mufti. The District Diwani Adalat was renamed as District, City or the Zila Court which was functioned under a district judge.
He also established gradation civil courts for both Hindu and Muslim such as Munsiff Court, Registrar Court, District Court, Sadar Diwani Adalat and King-in-Council. He is known for the establishment of sovereignty of law.
Answer:
1. Reforms under Warren Hastings (1772-1785 AD)
Warren Hasting established, two court for resolving disputes –civil disputes for District Diwani Adalat and criminal disputes for District Fauzdari Adalats.
District Diwani Adalat: It was established in districts to resolve the civil disputes which were placed under the collector. In this court Hindu law was applicable for Hindus and Muslim law for Muslim. If people seek more justice then they can move to Sadar Diwani Adalat which was functioned under a president and two members of Supreme Council.
District Fauzdari Adalats: It was set up to resolved the criminal issues which were placed under an Indian officers assisted by Qazi and Muftis. The entire functioning of this court was administered by the collector. The Muslim law was administered in this court. But the approval of capital punishment and for the acquisition was given by the Sadar Nizamat Adalat which headed by a Deputy Nizam who was assisted by the chief Qazi and Chief Mufti.
The formation Supreme Court at Calcutta under the Regulating Act of 1773 AD had original and appellate jurisdiction