Explain the transport of carbon dioxide
Answers
Answer :-
☆ Transportation of "Carbon dioxide" (CO₂) by blood is much easier than that of oxygen because, "Carbon dioxide" (CO₂) is highly soluble in water (H₂O).
☆ About 7% "Carbon dioxide" (CO₂) is dissolved in "Plasma".
☆ About 23% of "Carbon dioxide" (CO₂) is dissolved in the form of "Carbaminohaemoglobin" inside our body.
☆ About 70% of "Carbon dioxide" (CO₂) is dissolved in the form of "Bicarbonates" inside our body.
☆ Most of the "Carbon dioxide" (CO₂) that dissolves in the blood plasma, reacts with water (H₂O), forming "Carbonic acid).
☆ A major fraction of the "Carbon dioxide" (CO₂) released during the process of cellular respiration, is transported by blood in the form of "Sodium bicarbonate" in plasma.
Extra Information :-
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- The reactions inside the Red Blood Cells (R.B.Cs) because of the presence of the enzyme- "Carbonic anhydrase".
- Most of the "Carbon dioxide" (CO₂) that dissolves in the blood plasma, reacts with water (H₂O), forming "Carbonic acid).
- "Carbonic anhydrase" is considered to be the fastest enzyme in the body of Human beings.
- The presence of "Sodium" (Na) in the blood, helps to maintain a low concentration of "Carbonic acid" in the blood.
★ TRANSPORT OF CARBON DIOXIDE:-
It is the transport of CO2 from tissues to lungs. In tissues, pCO2 is high and pO2 is low. In lungs, pCO2 is low and pO2 is high. This favours CO2 transport from tissues to lungs.
It occurs in 3 ways:-
→ As carbonic acid: In tissues, about 7% of CO2 is dissolved in plasma water to form carbonic acid and carried to lungs.
→ As carbamino-haemoglobin: In tissues, 20-25% of CO2 binds to Hb to form carbamino-haemoglobin. In alveoli, CO2 dissociates from carbamino-haemoglobin.
→ As bicarbonates: About 70% of CO2 is transported by this method. RBCs and plasma contain an enzyme, carbonic anhydrase. This enzyme facilitates the following reactions.
★ In alveoli, the above reaction proceeds in opposite direction leading to the formation of CO2 and H20.
Every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers about 4 ml of CO2 to the alveoli.