explain the trends in following properties of alkali metal (A) Oxidation state (B) Ionisation Potential
Answers
Answer:
Oxidation state is the correct answer
Answer:
The first vertical column in the periodic table is referred to as Group 1.
Alternative names for Group 1 are:
(a) alkali metals(1) (still commonly used)
(b) group IA (this numbering is no longer used)
The name and symbol for the elements in Group 1 are given below:
Group 1 Elements
(Alkali Metals)
name symbol
lithium Li
sodium Na
potassium K
rubidium Rb
caesium(2) Cs
francium(3) Fr
All Group 1 elements:
(a) are soft, solid, shiny metals at room temperature and pressure that are good conductors of heat and electricity
(b) have 1 valence electron (1 electron in the highest energy level)
(c) are very reactive
(d) form cations with a charge of +1 (M+) when they combine with non-metals in an ionic compound
(e) form white ionic compounds (4)
Going down group 1 from top to bottom the elements display the following trends:
(a) Atomic radius increases.
(b) First ionization energy decreases.
(c) Second ionization energy decreases.
Second ionization energy is much greater than the first ionization energy for each element.
(d) Electronegativities decrease as successive energy levels (electron shells) are filled resulting in the positive nucleus exerting less of a force of attraction on electrons.
(e) Chemical reactivity increases
(f) Melting point decreases.
(g) Densities generally increase.
Summary of trends in Group 1 elements:
Trends: Decreasing Group 1 Elements Trends: Increasing
Melting Point First Ionisation Energy Electronegativity name symbol atomic number atomic radius Reactivity
highest largest highest lithium Li lowest smallest less reactive
↑ ↑ ↑ sodium Na ↓ ↓ ↓
↑ ↑ ↑ potassium K ↓ ↓ ↓
↑ ↑ ↑ rubidium Rb ↓ ↓ ↓
↑ ↑ ↑ caesium Cs ↓ ↓ ↓
lowest smallest lowest