explain the type of meristematic tissue with function
Answers
Meristematic tissues are a group of young cells that are in a continuous state of division.
These tissues are mostly found at the apices of root and shoot.
The main characteristics of cells of meristematic tissues are:
(i) They are living and thin walled
(ii) Vacuoles are few and small in size
(iii) The cells contain a dense protoplasm and conspicuous nuclei
(iv) The cells are spherical, oval or polygonal in shape
(v) They do not store reserve food material and are in an active state of metabolism.
Types of Meristems:
(i) Promeristem or priordial meristem:
A group of young meristematic cells of a growing organ. It is the early embryonic meristem from which other advanced meristems are derived. In a plant, it occupies a small area at the tip of stem and root. It further divides to form primary meristem.
(ii) Primary meristem:
These are derived from promeristem. They are present below the promeristem at shoot and root apices. These cells divide and form permanent tissues.
(iii) Secondary meristem:
It is derived from primary permanent tissues which have the capacity of division e.g. Cork-cambium, cambium of roots and inter fascicular cambium of stem.
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