explain the working and application of a sonar
Answers
The word SONAR stands for ' SOund Navigation And Ranging'. Sonar is an apparatus which is used to find the depth of a sea or to locate the underwater things like shoals of fish, shipwrecks, and enemy submarines.
Sonar works by sending short bursts of ultrasonic sound from the ship down into the sea-water and then picking up the echo produced by the reflection of ultrasonic sound fro the under-water objects like bottom of sea, ship wreck, etc. The time taken for the echo to return to the ship is measured by the sonar apparatus. The disatance of the under-water object is then calculated from the time taken by the echo to return.
Thus, the time it takes for an echo to return is used to find out how far away something is.
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SONAR - Sound Navigation and Ranging
SONAR is used to determine the direction and speed of underwater objects. SONAR is generally found in ships and boats. SONAR uses ultrasonic sound waves to detect the underwater objects, fishes, submarines, boats.
How SONAR works ?
There is a transmitter at the bottom of ship which produces and transmits the Ultrasonic sound. These ultrasonic sounds strikes at the depth of the sea. And, it comes back towards the receiver which is fitted at the bottom of the ships and boats. This receiver receives the sound reflected from depth of the sea and perceives it. Later, this signals is properly interpreted and time between transmission and reception is noted. And, this is how it is helpful to find depth and underwater objects in sea.
How SONAR helps to find underwater objects ?:
If the time difference between transmission and reception is less than normal, then it is expected that, there is something underwater object which is reflecting the sound before reaching the depth. And, in this way, SONAR is used to determine underwater objects, depth of sea, Underwater hills, Icebergs, Submarines, valleys.
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