Question

explain the working mechanism of artificial greenhouse

Answer 1

I hope my answer is helpful

Answer 2

A greenhouse is also called a "forcing structure", that is, an artificial environment in which plants are "forced" to grow, despite harsh outside climate. The minimum requirement for any greenhouse is that it allows warmth and light to enter, providing a microcosm climate favorable to plant growth.

Every greenhouse operates on a simple physical principle called "the greenhouse effect". Sunlight passes through transparent or translucent materials such as glass or plastic. When it strikes an opaque surface inside (plant leaves, greenhouse floor, planters)  some of the light energy is changed into heat. 

The darker the surface, the more heat is generated. The greenhouse panels are good at transmitting light, but not heat. Therefore, most of the heat stays inside.