Question

Explain the working of a forward-biased pn-junction diode.​

Answer 1

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A pn-junction diode is said to be forward biased when the positive terminal of a cell or battery is connected to the p side of the junction and the negative terminal to the n side.

Under open-circuit condition (no an potential difference), the width of the depl region and the height of the potential barnhave their equilibrium values. When forwa biased, the depletion region narrows and consequently, the potential barrier is lowered. This causes the majority charge carriers of each region to cross into the other region. The electrons travel from the n side to the p side and go to the positive terminal of the battery The holes that travel from the p side to the n side combine with the electrons injected into the n-region from the negative terminal of the battery. This way the diode conducts when forward biased; the total current across the junction is called the forward current and is due to both electron and hole currents. The direction of the conventional current is opposite to the flow of electrons. Because of the narrowing of the depletion region, a forward-biased junction diode has a very low resistance and acts as a closed switch.

Answer 2

Answer: When a diode is connected in a Forward Bias condition, a negative voltage is applied to the N-type material and a positive voltage is applied to the P-type material. If this external voltage becomes greater than the value of the potential barrier, approx.

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