Explain the working of sonar and application of sonar
Answers
Sonar is a device that uses ultrasonic waves to measure the distance, direction and speed of underwater objects.
SONAR stands for sound navigation and ranging . SONAR is a device which is used by ships and submarines to locate position of other vessels in the ocean. These are of two types. One is passive, which only detects the incoming. Another one is active SONAR which transmits sound pulses and detects the reflected echoes to detect presence of other sea vessels.
Principle behind SONAR is reflection of sound.
The sound sent is reflected back from the sea bed which is known as echo.
Let the depth of the ocean be D
For perpendicular focusing of the sonar
V = 2D/t
=>D = Vt/2
Where V = speed of sound in water
t = time after the echo is detected.
Thus, depth of the ocean is evaluated.