Question

Explain the working ofhuman eye and explain its functions 5 marks

Answer 1

FUNCTIONS OF THE EYE

What’s the most complex organ in the body? Some say it’s the human eye. Made of many working parts, the human eye functions much like a digital camera. Here’s how it works.

Light enters the eye through the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye, which acts like a camera lens.The iris works much like the diaphragm of a camera--controlling how much light reaches the back of the eye. It does this by automatically adjusting the size of the pupil which, in this scenario, functions like a camera's aperture.The eye’s crystalline lens sits just behind the pupil and acts like autofocus camera lens, focusing on close and approaching objects.Focused by the cornea and the crystalline lens, the light makes its way to the retina. This is the light-sensitive lining in the back of the eye. Think of the retina as the electronic image sensor of a digital camera. Its job is to convert images into electronic signals and send them to the optic nerve.The optic nerve then transmits these signals to the visual cortex of the brain which creates our sense of sight.

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Answer 2

The human eye is like a camera.Its lens system forms an image on a light-sensitive screen called the retina.Light enters the eye through a thin membrane called the cornea.It forms the transparent buldge on the front surface of the eyeball.The eyeball is approximately spherical in shape with a diameter of about 2.3cm.Most of the refraction of the light rays entering the eye occurs at the outer surface of the cornea.The crystalline lens merely provides the finer adjustment of focal length required to focus objects at different distances on the retina.There is also a structure called iris behind the cornea.Iris is a dark muscular diaphragm that controls the size of the pupil.The pupil regulates and controls the amount of light entering the eye.The eye lens forms an inverted real image of the object on the retina.The retina is a delicate membrane having enormous number of light-sensitive cells.The light sensitive cells get activated upon illumination and generate electrical signals.These signals are sent to brain via the optic nerves.The brain interprets these signals,and finally,processes the information so that we perceive objects as they are.

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