Explain three main processes if population change.
Answers
There are three main processes of change of population: birth rates, death rates and migration.
The natural increase of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates.
Birth Rate:
The number of live births per 1000 persons is called the birth rate. According to 2011 census, the birth rate in India is 20.22 births per 1000 persons.
Death Rate:
The number of deaths per 1000 persons is called the death rate. According to 2011 census, the death rate in India is 7.4 deaths per 1000 persons.
A higher birth rate coupled with a lower death rate results in an increase in population. Because of advancements in healthcare and nutrition, the death rate has reduced over the period.
The birth rates have also reduced because of sustained campaign towards family planning and increased awareness among people.
Migration:
Migration is another factor which changes the size of population. Movement of people from one place to another; in search of livelihood is called migration.
Migration within the country is called internal migration, while that between two countries is called international migration.
Internal migration does not change the size of the population but it changes the population composition of a particular area.