explain transportation in human beings ?
PLEASE HELP ME FRIENDS
Answers
Answer:
TRANSPORTATION IN ANIMALS
Transportation can be defined as the movement of any substance from one place to another.
Water and nutrients required for all metabolic activities should be transported in the body of plants and animals.
The waste material or excretory products should also move to the region of excretion.
Transportation in animal takes place through circulatory system which includes blood, blood vessels and heart.
Blood is a fluid connective tissue consists of fluid medium called plasma.
Functions of blood are to transport food, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes, salts.
A pumping organ is necessary to push the blood around the body.
Heart is the muscular pumping organ which pushes the blood around the body
Answer:
In humans, transportation of oxygen nutrients,
hormone and other substances to tissue, COD2
to the lungs and waste products to the
kidneys is carried out by a well-defined
Circulatory System. In lower organisms
material is transported by diffusion.
Circulatory System:
It comprises of the heart, blood vessels, blood,
lymphatic vessels, lymph, which together
serve to transport materials, throughout the
body.
Components of the circulatory system in
higher animals are
1. Blood
2. Pumping organ- "Heart
3. System of blood vessels for distribution
and collection of blood consisting of
arteries, veins and capillaries.
1. Blood Corpuscles:
1. Red Blood Corpuscles (RBC) or
Erythrocytes
These are minute, circular biconcave
discs having no nucleus. They look red
due to the presence of red coloured
pigment, haemoglobin. Red blood cells
have life span about 120 days. They are
produced in bone marrow number is 4.5
- 5.5 millon/cu.mm.
Function:
Haemoglobin transports oxygen from
lungs to body tissues.
2. WBC or White Blood Cells or Corpuscles:
These are large, nucleated colourless
cells and are less numerous than
erythrocytes. There are about 5000
W.B.C per mili litre of blood. They move
actively and protect the body against
disease-causing microorganisms by
destroying them.
3. Blood Platelets:
Platelets are rounded, colourless,
biconvex and non-nucleated blood- cells,
which help in the coagulation of blood
they are called thrombocytes. Whenever
you havea cut on your body, blood
comes out. The bleeding is stopped
after sometime by the blood platelets
present in the blood. Blood platelets are
colourless, irregularly shaped, and much
smaller than the RBCs.
2. Blood Vessels
Blood flows through our body in a complex
system of tubes called blood vessels. There
are three types of blood vessels: arteries,
capillaries, and veins. Capillaries are the
thinnest of the blood vessels and connect
arteries to veins.
3. The Heart
The heart is a four-chambered muscular
organ that pumps blood into the blood
vessels. The pressure that this pumping
generates is enough for the blood vessels to
carry this blood to all parts of the body. The
heart is able to do so by the rhythmic
contractions and relaxations of its muscles.
These are known as the heart beats. A normal
heart beats about 60 to 80 times per minute.
We can hear our heart beat with the help of an
instrument called a stethoscope.
As the heart beats and forces blood through
our body, we would feel a throbbing sensation
at any point where an artery comes close to
the surface of your skin, such as the wrist,
neck, or upper arm. This throbbing sensation
is called the pulse. Counting your pulse rate is
a simple way to estimate how fast your heart
is beatinng.
The four chambers of the heart are (i) the right
auricle (i) the left auricle, (ii) the right
ventricle, and (iv) the left ventricle. The right
auricle opens into the right ventricle and the
left auricle into the left ventricle.