Explain two ways by which groundwater can be replenished.
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Answer:
Aquifers may be artificially recharged in two main ways: One way is to spread water over the land in pits, furrows, or ditches, or to erect small dams in stream channels to detain and deflect surface runoff, thereby allowing it to infiltrate to the aquifer; the other way is to construct recharge wells and inject water
Ground water can be replenished by:
●Rainwater harvesting
Rainwater harvesting is another method to replenish ground water. But this method can be used only during the rains. In urban and rural areas, the rooftop rainwater can be conserved and used for recharge of groundwater. This approach requires connecting the outlet pipe from the rooftop to divert the water to existing wells/tube-wells/bore-wells or specially designed wells.
Raingardens to recharge groundwater
●Rain garden
A raingarden is designed to hold rainwater runoff from rooftops, driveways, patios, or lawns. It contains native shrubs, perennials, plants, etc. Every time it rains, water runs off impermeable surfaces such as roofs or driveways, collecting pollutants like particles of dirt, fertilizer, chemicals, oil, garbage, and bacteria along the way. The pollutant-laden water enters storm drains untreated and flows directly to nearby streams and ponds. Raingardens collect rainwater runoff, allowing the water to be filtered by the vegetation and percolate into the soil, thereby recharging groundwater aquifers. This process filters out pollutants.
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