Question

Explain types of Crop with example​

Answer 1

Topic: Explain types of Crop with example

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$\text{Types of Crops}$

• Did you know that India is the largest producer of bananas and mangoes in the world? Also, it is the second-largest producer of wheat and rice. In fact, Agriculture has always been the backbone of our country’s economy. Ever since the Green Revolution, we have started cultivating a variety of crops. Let us educate ourselves about the most important crops grown in India.

$\textbf{Crops Definition}$

• A crop is a plant that is cultivated or grown on a large scale. In general, crops are grown so they can be commercially traded. In other words, a crop is any plant that is grown and harvested extensively for-profit purposes.

Two major types of crops grow in India. Namely, Kharif and Rabi. Let us take a look at these.

$\text{Kharif Crops}$

• The word “Kharif” is Arabic for autumn since the season coincides with the beginning of autumn or winter. As cultivation of these crops happens in the monsoon season, another name for Kharif crop is monsoon crop. The Kharif season differs in every state of the country but is generally from June to September. We sow the crop at the beginning of the monsoon season around June and harvest by September or October. Rice, maize, bajra, ragi, soybean, groundnut, cotton are all Kharif crops. Let us take a detailed look at few of these,

• As mentioned before, India is the second-largest producer of rice in the world after China. India accounts for approximately 20% of the worlds rice production. It is arguably the most important agricultural crop that grows in the country. Rice is a staple food pan India, and its cultivation is also widespread across the country.

• Rice prominently grows in high rainfall areas. It requires average temperatures of 25°c and a minimum of 100 cms of rainfall. It’s traditionally grown in waterlogged rice paddy fields. Northeast plains and coastal areas are the major rice-producing areas of the country.

$\text{Maize}$

• After rice and wheat, maize is the most important cereal crop in India. It accounts for approximately one-tenth of the total agricultural produce in India. Cultivation of maize is focused in the regions of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. It requires temperatures in the range of 21°c to 27°c and rainfall of between 50 cms to 75 cms.

Learn Why Irrigation is necessary for agriculture and farming.

$\text{Rabi Crops}$

• The Arabic translation of the word”Rabi”, is spring. As these crops harvest in the springtime hence the name. The Rabi season usually starts in November and lasts up to March or April. Cultivation of Rabi crop is mainly through irrigation since monsoons are already over by November. In fact, unseasonal showers in November or December can ruin the crop. Farmers sow the seeds at the beginning of autumn, which results in a spring harvest. Wheat, barley, mustard and green peas are some of the major rabi crops that grow in India.

$\text{Crops - Wheat}$

• India is the second-largest producer of wheat in the world. It is highly dependent on this rabi crop for its agricultural income. Wheat is a staple food among Indians, especially in the northern regions.

• Wheat requires cool temperatures during its growing season in the range of about 14°c to 18°c. Rainfall of about 50 cms to 90 cms is most ideal. However, during harvesting season in the spring, wheat requires bright sunshine and slightly warmer weather. Uttar Pradesh is the largest wheat-growing state in India closely followed by Punjab and Haryana.

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$\text{Mustard}$

• Mustard belongs to the ‘Cruciferae’ family. The oil extracted from mustard is edible, and so, in India, we use mustard for cooking purposes. It requires a subtropical climate to grow which is dry and cool weather. The temperature range to grow mustard is between 10°c to 25°c. Rajasthan has the largest production of mustard in India.

$\text{Zaid Crops}$

• There is a short season between Kharif and Rabi season in the months of March to July. In general, Zaid crops are crops that grow in this season. Also, these grow on irrigated lands. So we do not have to wait for monsoons to grow them. Some examples of Zaid crops are pumpkin, cucumber, bitter groud.

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Answer 2

What is Crop?

Crop is the term used to describe a plant that is grown in a field on a large scale

Types of Crops:

Two major types of crops grow in India. Namely, Kharif and Rabi. Let us take a look at these.

Karif Crop:

The crops which are grown in rainy season (September - October) are called Karif Crops. Karif Crops are also known as Monsoon crop. Example: paddy, maize, jowar, bajra etc..

Rabi Crop:

The crops which are grown in winter season (are called Rabi crops. The Rabi season usually starts in November and lasts up to March or April.

Example: barley, gram, peas, wheat etc..

Hope this helps you ; )