Question

explain unification of germany

Answer 1

Summary. Whereas Camillo di Cavour directed Italian unification, a Junker (the Prussian name for an aristocratic landowner from old Prussia in the east) named Otto von Bismarck pushed German unification through "blood and iron" and skillful understanding of realpolitik.
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Answer 2

The Congress of Vienna created the German Confederation in 1815. The Confederation was a loose union of 39 states, each ruled by a despotic prince. Austria and Prussia controlled the confederation. The German Nationalists wanted and dreamed of a united German nation under the leadership of Prussia.
Count Otto von Bismarck, the Chancellor of Prussia, persuaded King William I, to unite all the German states under his leadership. There were several major obstacles to the German Unification. It took Bismarck 8 years of careful planning and calculations to overcome all the obstacles for a united Germany.
To achieve his objective, Bismarck attacked France, Denmark and Austria. All his campaigns were successful. Austria withdrew from German affairs and the northern states were organized into the North German Confederation controlled by Prussia.
In the South, Prussia appeared to be a savior of the southern states when France attacked them and was defeated by Prussia. The southern German states joined the North German Confederation and Germany was formed.
The King of Prussia, William I, was crowned emperor of united Germany.