Question

explain urine formation,explain ultrafiltration.(long answer 5 marks)​

Answer 1

Answer:

The kidneys filter unwanted substances from the blood and produce urine to excrete them. There are three main steps of urine formation: glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. These processes ensure that only waste and excess water are removed from the body.

In renal physiology, ultrafiltration occurs at the barrier between the blood and the filtrate in the glomerular capsule in the kidneys. As in nonbiological examples of ultrafiltration, pressure and concentration gradients lead to a separation through a semipermeable membrane.

Answer 2

Answer:

In renal physiology, ultrafiltration occurs at the barrier between the blood and the filtrate in the glomerular capsule (Bowman's capsule) in the kidneys. As in nonbiological examples of ultrafiltration, pressure (in this case blood pressure) and concentration gradients lead to a separation through a semipermeable membrane (provided by the podocytes). The Bowman's capsule contains a dense capillary network called the glomerulus. Blood flows into these capillaries through the afferent arterioles and leaves through the efferent arterioles.