Question

Explain, using Newton’s Second Law of Motion, why the acceleration of a spacecraft being launched increases as it rises.

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

• Before we begin, we need to remember Newton’s Second Law of Motion: force = mass times acceleration.
• First, the acceleration will not always increase—a constant acceleration that outstrips gravity is enough for the rocket to continue moving up. An acceleration equal to or smaller than gravity will cause the rocket to slow down, eventually to a stop and then a decrease in altitude. However, assuming constant thrust, there are two reasons acceleration increases:
• As altitude increases, the atmosphere, which causes drag, decreases. The same force with less drag acting against it causes a greater acceleration.
• The rocket is continually using the fuel, causing the total mass of the rocket to go down. The same force with less mass means you get more acceleration.