Explain various landforms which developed by river (running water) with figure
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A thorough answer to this question would require a very long list. In fact, if you were nearby and I trusted you I would probably simply loan you a good text on the subject of geomorphology. Austin briefly mentioned both marine landforms and fluvial landforms (created by streams/running water).I suggest you do an on-line search where you can find lists of landforms created in both ways. But be careful. You are asking for landforms created by water EROSION. Many of the items in the lists that you will find will be classified as DEPOSITIONAL landforms. That’s not what you are asking for. In other words, geologists specializing in landforms (geomorphologists) think in terms of erosion followed by transportation followed by deposition and they classify resultant landforms accordingly. For example, a bare-rock gorge is an erosional landform and a delta is a depositional landform (both created by running water). It can get more detailed when you consider that there are landforms like eskers that are created by running water beneath a glacier! So the glacier plays a role but the running water is responsible for the deposition of the detritus that creates the esker. However, the esker is not going to be on your list because you are asking for landforms created by water erosion.I don’t have the time or the inclination to create a comprehensive list for you but the information is all over the place - even in books.
I’ll end with a couple of things which I think are pretty neat. I own a small cabin in the Blue Ridge mountains where just about everything I see on the large scale is due to erosion by running water - including the mountains themselves. Though some of the rock structures are convoluted or far from the horizontal attitude, and though there are intrusions of igneous rock and many resultant metamorphics due to both pressure and contact, the mountains I see today were sculpted by running water and they are still being sculpted today. And when I drive northward on my way to see family in Indiana I cross through mountains (or high hills) of the Cumberland Plateau where the sedimentary rock layers are clearly horizontal (or very nearly so) yet the area is very rugged topographically. Those beautiful small mountains (or large hills) were carved mostly by running water.
Oh, and I almost forgot: Don’t forget that there are landforms created in other ways - not by water erosion and not by water deposition. An example is a volcano. Then again, water erosion can do a lot to shape that volcano and wear it down.
I’m adding this as an afterthought. If you look at Grand Canyon I’m sure you will credit running water as the major agent of erosion which has formed (and is still forming) that beautiful place. But it would be a serious omission to leave out mass wasting - the movement of material primarily due to gravity alone. Don’t think for a moment that all of the rock that used to be in that canyon moved entirely due to the forces of running water. Mass wasting plays a huge role.
And another afterthought: Even the impact of raindrops, particularly upon unconsolidated material on a slope (even if the slope is slight) causes the movement of more material down-slope than up-slope. One raindrop impact upon loose clay, silt, or sand can cause erosion transportation and deposition - and I repeat- more of that deposition is down-slope than up-slope. So if you are out there looking, don’t focus entirely upon big things. Little things can mean a whole lot too.