Question

explain what crops or agriculture can be found in each ring of Von Thunen’s model and explain why each of them is located in that position.

Answer 1

The von Thünen model, as seen above, is as follows. The first ring around the market community is dedicated to market gardening and fresh milk production. That is because milk products and garden crops, such as lettuce, spoil quickly. Remember that at the time von Thünen developed this model, there was not refrigeration. Therefore, it was necessary to get perishable produce to the market immediately. Because of this, producers of perishable crops were willing to outbid producers of less perishable crops in order to gain access to the land closest to the market. This means that land close to the community created a higher level of economic rent.

The second ring, von Thünen believed, would be dedicated to the production and harvest of forest products. This was because, in the early 19th century, people used wood for building, cooking, and heating. Wood is bulky and heavy and therefore difficult to transport. Still, it is not nearly as perishable as milk or fresh vegetables. For those reasons, von Thünen reasoned that wood producers would bid more for the second ring of land around the market center than all other producers of food and fiber, except for those engaged in the production of milk and fresh vegetables.  

The third ring, von Thünen believed, would be dedicated to crop rotation systems. In his time, rye was the most important cash grain crop. Inside the third ring, however, von Thünen believed there would be differences in the intensity of cultivation. Because the cost of gaining access to the land (rent) drops with distance from the city, those farming at the other edges of the ring would find that increased transportation costs would be offset by lower rents. Moreover, because those farming the outer edges would pay less rent, the level of input they could invest prior to reaching the point of decreasing marginal returns (the term “marginal returns” refers to changes in production relative to changes in input), would be at a lower level than would be the case for those paying higher rent in order to be closer to the market. Therefore, they would not farm as intensely as those working land closer to the urban center.  

The fourth ring would be dedicated to livestock ranching. Von Thünen reasoned that unlike perishable or bulky items, animals could be walked to the market. Additionally, products such as wool, hide, horn, and so on could be transported easily without concern about spoilage.  

In von Thünen's model, wilderness bounded the outer margins of von Thünen’s isolated state. These lands, he argued, would eventually develop rent value, as the population of the state increased.

Answer 2

Answer:  

• The Von Thunen model of horticultural land use (likewise called area hypothesis) was made by the German rancher, landowner, and novice business analyst Johann Heinrich Von Thunen (1783–1850). He introduced it in 1826 out of a book called "The Isolated State," yet it wasn't converted into English until 1966.  

• Von Thunen made his model before industrialization and in it, he established the framework for what we know as the field of human topography. He endeavored to distinguish patterns of individuals' financial relationship with the scene encompassing them.  

Explanation:  

The Von Thunen Model

• The Von Thunen model is a hypothesis which, after Von Thunen's own perceptions and exceptionally fastidious numerical figurings, predicts human conduct as far as scene and economy.  

• Like some other logical test or hypothesis, it depends on a progression of suppositions, that Von Thunen summarizes in his idea of a "Separated State." Von Thunen was keen on ways individuals will in general use and would utilize the land around a city if the conditions were research facility like, as in his Isolated State.  

• His reason is that if individuals have the opportunity to sort out the scene around their urban areas as they wish, they will normally set up their economy—developing and selling crops, animals, timber, and produce—into what Von Thunen distinguished as "Four Rings."  

Isolated State  

• Coming up next are the conditions Von Thunen noted as the reason for his model. These are lab style conditions and don't really exist in reality.  

• The city is found halfway inside a "Segregated State" that is independent and has no outer impacts.  

• The Isolated State is encircled by an abandoned wild.  

• The place where there is the State is totally level and has no waterways or mountains to interfere with the landscape.  

• The dirt quality and atmosphere are steady all through the State.  

• Ranchers in the Isolated State transport their own merchandise to showcase by means of oxcart, over the land, legitimately to the focal city. Thusly, there are no streets.  

• Rancher act to expand benefits.  

The Four Rings  

In an Isolated State with the prior explanations being valid, Von Thunen conjectured that an example of rings around the city would create dependent ashore cost and transportation cost.  

• Dairying and concentrated cultivating happen in the ring nearest to the city  
• Timber and kindling:  
• Yields:  
• Domesticated animals:  

Past the fourth ring lies the abandoned wild, which is too incredible a good ways from the focal city for a horticultural item on the grounds that the sum earned for the item doesn't legitimize the costs of creating it after transportation to the city is considered in.