explain what is the difference between pollination, fertilization, and germination
Answers
Answer:
Pollination and Fertilization occur in plants during sexual reproduction.
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Difference between Pollination and Fertilization.
Pollination Fertilization
Pollination occurs from anthers of stamens to stigma of the ovary It is the fusion of female and male gametes
It is a physical process. It is a genetic and biochemical process.
Explanation:
Pollination and Fertilization occur in plants during sexual reproduction. They are the two main and natural process of producing offspring. Both the process occurs in all bisexual flowers, in which both the male and female reproductive structure (anther and stigma) are involved. Therefore flowers are considered as the reproductive organs of all flowering plants.
Pollination
It is the biological process of transferring the pollen grains from the male reproductive organ to the female reproductive organ of a flower. In this process, pollen grains containing the male genetic material are collected from the anther and transferred to the stigma of a flower. In pollination, the pollen grains are transferred between anther and stigma by a number of different vectors including wind, birds, honeybees, moths, and butterflies.
There are 2 different types of pollination and are mainly based on the distribution of pollen grains. They are Self-Pollination and Cross-Pollination. It was discovered by the German naturalist, named Christian Sprengelduring the 18th century.
Fertilization
In the fertilization process, female and male gametes fuse together to form a diploid zygote. This process occurs after the pollination of the carpel. The complete series of fertilization takes place within the zygote to develop into a seed and flowers play a major role as they are the reproductive structures of angiosperms.
In the complete course of fertilization, the male gametes are transferred to female reproductive organs through pollinators, including birds, honey bees, butterflies, flower beetles, etc. to produce a final product – an embryo in a seed. The process of fertilization in plants is of three types. Pollen tube enters the ovule differently and this forms the basis of categorization. The three types of fertilization are Chalazogamy, Porogamy, and Mesogamy.
There many differences between pollination and fertilization. Let us have a closer look at a few of them.
Germination:
Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or similar structure. The term is applied to the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an angiosperm or gymnosperm, the growth of a sporeling from a spore, such as the spores of fungi, ferns, bacteria, and the growth of the pollen tube from the pollen grain of a seed plant.