Explain what you understand by the term intrinsic semiconductor and how an intrinsic semiconductor is turned into either a p-type or an n-type material.
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An intrinsic(pure) semiconductor, also called an undoped semiconductor or i-type semiconductor, is a pure semiconductor without any significant dopant species present. The number of charge carriers is therefore determined by the properties of the material itself instead of the amount of impurities. In intrinsic semiconductors the number of excited electrons and the number of holes are equal: n = p.
When a small amount of suitable impurity is added to the intrinsic semiconductor we can convert it into an extrinsic semiconductor of either p-type or n-type. Doping changes the concentration of charge carriers in the element
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An intrinsic semiconductor is an undoped semiconductor. This means that holes in the valence band are vacancies created by electrons that have been thermally excited to the conduction band, as opposed to dopedsemiconductors where holes or electrons are supplied by a “foreign” atom acting as an impurity.
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