Question

Explain why carbon forms compounds mainly by covalent bond. Explain in brief two main reasons for carbon forming a large number of compounds. Why does carbon form strong bonds with most other elements?​

Answer 1

Answer :

✒ Covalent bond in carbon :

• Carbon has 4 electrons in its outermost shell, and needs to gain or loss 4 electrons to attain noble gas configuration.

• Losing or gaining 4 electrons is not possible due to energy considerations. Hence, it shares electrons to form covalent bonds.

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✒ Two reasons for large number of carbon compounds :

• Catenation: The unique ability of carbon to form bonds with other atoms of carbon giving rise to long chains of different types of compounds.

• Tetravalency: Since carbon has a valence of 4, it is capable of bonding with four other atoms of carbon or atoms of elements like oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur, chlorine, etc.

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The reason for the formation of strong bonds by carbon is its small size which enables the nucleus to hold on to the shared pairs of electrons strongly.

Answer 2

ɪᴛ ɪs ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜsᴇ, ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴ ʜᴀs ғᴏᴜʀ ᴠᴀʟᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴs, ɪᴛ ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ɢᴀɪɴ ᴏʀ ʟᴏsᴇ ғᴏᴜʀ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴs ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜsᴇ ʜɪɢʜ ᴇɴᴇʀɢʏ ɪs ɴᴇᴇᴅᴇᴅ. ɪᴛ ᴄᴀɴ ᴏɴʟʏ sʜᴀʀᴇ ғᴏᴜʀ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴs.

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