Question

Explain Why Cation are smaller and anions are larger in
radii than their parent atoms.
P.T.O.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Cation have smaller radii due to strong tendency of nuclear charge while Anion have larger radii due to less holding nature of nuclear charge...

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Answer 2

Answer:

(1) An anion is formed by the acceptance of an electron by a parent atom.

A + e^- → A^-

(2) The nuclear charge in a parent atom and its anion is same.

(3) The additional electron in an anion, results in the repulsion among the electrons and results in the decrease in effective nuclear charge, as compared to the parent atom. Therefore, the radius of an anion is larger than its parent atom. For example, F atom has atomic radius 64 pm while anion F has ionic radius 136 pm