Explain why (CH3)3C is more stable than CH3CH2 and CH3 is the least stable cation ?
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(CH3)3C+ i.e 3° carbocation is more stable carbocation than 1° carbocation i.e CH3+ or CH3CH2+ because 3° carbocation has more hyper conjunction effect i.e it has 9 alpha hydrogen which is more stable but CH3+ has 0 aplha hydrogen thats why it is least stable carbocation and CH3CH2+ has 3 alpha hydrogen it is also less stable than 3° carbocation.
More will be the hyper conjunction effect more will be the stable carbocation.
I hope it will help u...
More will be the hyper conjunction effect more will be the stable carbocation.
I hope it will help u...
Answered by
131
It is true that (CH₃)₃C is highly stable when compared to CH₃CH₂ and CH₃. This is due to the Hyperconjugation effect. This effect is the opposite of the inductive effect.
Isopropyl carbocation ((CH₃)₃C⁺) has 6 hyper conjugating structures with 6 α-Hydrogen atoms. However, the ethyl carbocation and methyl carbocation have 3 hyperconjugative structures or none of them respectively. So, the methyl carbocation (CH₃⁺) will be least stable carbocation than the CH₃CH₂⁺, which will be less stable than (CH₃)₃C⁺.
Isopropyl carbocation ((CH₃)₃C⁺) has 6 hyper conjugating structures with 6 α-Hydrogen atoms. However, the ethyl carbocation and methyl carbocation have 3 hyperconjugative structures or none of them respectively. So, the methyl carbocation (CH₃⁺) will be least stable carbocation than the CH₃CH₂⁺, which will be less stable than (CH₃)₃C⁺.
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