Question

Explain why CO2 is non polar molecule whereas SO2 is polar molecule for 4 marks?

Answer 1

in case of carbon dioxide we know that carbon has 4 Valence Electrons so in that case all the electrons of carbon are bonded with both the atoms of oxygen so there is no lone pair which means the molecule of carbon dioxide will show linear geometry and we know that oxygen is more polar than carbon so the dipole moment is in the direction of oxygen on both sides of carbon and being equal in magnitude and opposite in Direction they will cancel out each others and the net result will come out to be zero and hence it becomes a non polar whereas,
=>.... in case of Sulphur dioxide sulphur has 6 electrons in its valence shell in that case four of the electrons of sulphur are bonded but two electrons are non bonded and act as lone pair and due to which the shape of the molecule is bent and hence there is a dipole of loan pair present which is in the direction of lone pair. now, we know that oxygen is more electronegative than sulphur so the dipole moment of both sulphur oxygen bonds is equal in magnitude but not opposite in direction will show the resultant which will be somewhat in opposite direction to The Lone pair but we know that dipole moment of both is not equal in magnitude though opposite direction will produce some dipole moment though produced by subtractive effect but will not be zero ............for more details you can see the diagrams