Question

explain why does a bulb glow on passing current

Answer 1

This is called heating effect of current.
The temperature is so high that it starts glowing.
And the circuit is complete so it makes the pathway of current to flow.

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Answer 2

a bulb consists of filament which is made up of tungsten,an alloy of copper and tin.When current is passed due to heating effect of electric current ,the filament becomes hot and starts to emit both light and heat.
Hope it helps...