Question

Explain why:
i)'N' has high ionization energy than oxygen.
ii)'Cl' has high electron gain enthalpy than Fluorine (F)
iii)Why cations are smaller and anions are larger in radii than their parents atoms ?


help friends pls..​

Answer 1

Answer:

A)

There actually are simple... It is natural to expect that oxygen has a higher ionisation energy than nitrogen due to the fact that the first ionisation energy increases across a period. This is because when moving from left to right, the atomic number increases which means that the nuclear charge increases.

B) is due to small size of fluorine atom. As, there are strong inter electron repulsion in the relatively small 2P orbits of fluorine and thus, the incoming electron does not experience much attraction. Therefore chlorine has the electron gain enthalpy than the fluorine

c) The main reason why we have primarily Carbon Catenate to other atoms or Catenation is because the valence electrons of carbon. As you see, valence electrons are the electrons available in the outer shell ready to attach to something else to be stable.