Explain why it is easier to move the steering wheel instead of the axle tro)
in a car
Ans:
Answers
Answer:
The wheel is considered as the most important invention made by mankind. It made travel to long-distance possible and allowed us to spread far and wide. To control the wheels and make the travel easier, the steering system was implemented. Today we will explain how a car steering system works and how the simple act of turning your steering wheel makes the car corner.
Types Of Steering System
Before we head into the explanation there are currently two major types of the steering system. The commonly used Rack and Pinion System and the conventional system know as the Recirculating Ball Steering System. We will explain both in brief and also how the power-assisted steering system works which is commonly called the power steering.
Rack And Pinion Steering System
The most common steering system, the rack and pinion gets its name from the two gears it uses, the rack (the linear gear) and the pinion (circular gear). This system is used in most of the cars and is usually not employed in heavy-duty vehicles. Its working may appear complex but uses quite simple physics.
Construction Of A Rack And Pinion
Rack and Pinion
Rack and Pinion
The steering wheel has a shaft attached to it and on the other end of the shaft is the pinion. The pinion is positioned on top of the rack and moves when the steering wheel is moved. The end of the rack has something called a tie rod. The tie rods connect to the steering arm which in turn is connected to the wheel hub. Onwards to the working of rack and pinion.
Working
When you rotate the steering wheel the shaft rotates along with it. This in turn rotates the pinion which is on top of the rack. The rotation of the pinion makes the rack move linearly moving the tie rod. The tie rod connected to the steering arm then causes the wheel to turn.
The size of the pinion affects how much turning you get. If the pinion is large in size it means that you’ll be getting more turn from less steering wheel rotation which will make it harder to control. On the other hand, a smaller pinion means it’ll be easier to control but you will need multiple steering wheel turns to make the car corner.
This is how the Rack and Pinion System works. It is a simple device however it can use multiple complex and advanced systems that can make it even better to use.
Recirculating Ball Steering System
Known with multiple names such as the worm & sector and recirculating ball & nut, this steering system is usually found in old cars and heavy-duty vehicles like trucks. It’s working is different from a rack and pinion. Let’s see the construction of the recirculating ball steering system before we explain the working.
Construction
recirculating ball steering system
Recirculating ball steering system
The recirculating ball steering system has two gears, the worm gear and the sector gear. The steering wheel is connected to a threaded shaft which is connected to a block. The worm gear is quite big and goes through the block which is threaded in such a way it allows the worm gear inside. This block has gear teeth outside of it to which the sector gear is connected. This sector gear is then connected to the pitman arm while the pitman arm is attached to the tie rod. There are ball bearings inside the block that fill the thread of the worm gear. The working is simple just like rack and pinion.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Why wheels are easier to steer as compared to the time they are stationary?
In easy terms , You or Me or any other Human is more prone of falling down when he is upright rather than lying on ground .
In automobile terms , its the same as car is more free to move in neutral than in drive mode in automatic transmission or in gear in manual transmission.
In science terms,
Difficulty experienced in moving physical bodies, arises basically from two reasons; friction and inertia. While friction opposes motion of a body in contact with another or the medium through which the body moves, inertia of a moving object opposes any alteration of the state of motion independent of its surrounding. There are two types of friction — static friction and dynamic friction.Static friction opposes motion when a body at rest is moved, and is larger in magnitude compared to the opposition by dynamic friction experienced. Again depending on the type of motion there are two kinds of friction — sliding friction and rolling friction. The resistance due to sliding friction is higher than that due to rolling friction.The static sliding friction would offer maximum resistance and the dynamic rolling friction would do it the least. On the other hand, mass is the index of inertia for linear motion, implying more massive objects to be less easy to move as compared to relatively lighter bodies.
Similarly, once a heavier body is in motion, it is not so easy to stop or even slow it down as it is for a lighter body. In the case of rotational motion, the role of mass is played by the moment of the mass distribution about the rotation axis, known as the moment of inertia and it can be regarded as the “inertia” for rotational motion.
When we have the vehicle in motion and wish to turn the steering, and hence the wheels, we have to work against the dynamic friction, dominantly rolling friction.
Further, the inertia of the vehicle would keep it moving and the small perturbation by turning the steering will not involve direct linear movement but will only alter the orientation of the vehicle in motion.
If we need to turn the wheels of the static vehicle, we need to overcome the large static sliding type of friction. And, in this case, no advantage from the inertia of the moving vehicle is available; instead, it offers additional resistance. Thus turning the steering wheel of the static car necessitates large amount of energy or effort.