Question

explain why neuropsycologic battery testing is especially used for diagnosing closed head brain injury . ? ( 150 word)​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Neuropsychological testing is the “gold standard” for evaluation of patients who have had brain injuries.[1–5] But there are hardly enough qualified neuropsychologists to keep up with the 2 million or so Americans who have brain injuries every year,[6] and even if there were, the cost of repeated evaluations as the patient recovers (or fails to recover, as the case may be) would be prohibitive. Neuropsychologists have tried to address this problem by introducing brief screening batteries,[7,8] rating scales,[9] or CNT batteries.[10,11]

Theoretically, at least, CNTs can increase productivity, efficiency, and knowledge. But like every technology, computerized testing has limitations. Many computerized batteries were, and still are, relatively stunted, in terms of their psychometric development. An unsupervised subject sitting in front of a monitor may not be an optimal testing environment. CNTs are capable of generating a mass of data that are unnervingly precise, but of dubious salience, especially in the hands of untrained clinicians.

On the other hand, CNTs have a few advantages compared with conventional psychological testing. These include consistency in administration and scoring, the ability to generate numerous alternative forms suitable for repeated testing, precise stimulus control, the ability to track various components of subjects' responses, increased cost efficiency in testing, and the ability to develop large and accurate databases.[12] Published reports tend to emphasize the feasibility of the technology, its acceptability to patients, and the reliability of the data thus generated.[13]

CNT technology is well suited to a new and developing arena for mental testing: measuring relatively mild degrees of neurocognitive impairment in circumstances where speed, efficiency, and low cost are important. An example is sports-related concussion management.[14–17] CNTs designed for concussion management tend to be very short (10–20 minutes) and measure specific neurocognitive functions that are relevant to the concussed state, like attention, reaction time, and working memory. Longer CNTs take about 30–60 minutes but address a wider range of neurocognitive functions. They are more appropriate for clinical settings and more relevant to the problems of patients who have sustained more extensive or severe brain injuries.

The authors developed CNS VS as a computerized battery that is reliable[18] and sensitive to cognitive impairment caused by different conditions. The battery has been used in studies of children with ADHD,[18] adults with depression,[19] and elderly people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.[19] The question posed in this paper is how well CNS VS can evaluate the cognitive impairment of patients with TBI at different levels of severity. As a rule, CNTs used for concussion management have not been tested in patients with more severe brain injuries; conversely, most broad-spectrum CNTs have not been tested in patients with concussion.