Question

Explain with a activity :

1. Matter is made up particles

2. The particles of matter are very tiny

3. The particles of matter have space between them

4. Particles of matter are continuously moving

5. Particles of matter attract each other

Note : Just, Explaination needed with an activity .​

Answer 1

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• Matter is made up of particles: To check that matter is made up of particles, we have to perform the given activity:

Firstly we have to take a beaker that is of 100 milileters. Now we have to fill it with water. After filling water we have to mark it's level. Now we have to dissolve salt in it. Afterthat we have to observe the water level. Heya! What you see? Ya right, we are observing that the salt is disappeared! Means the salt get even disturbed!! But where? When we dissolve salt in water, then the particles of salt get into spaces between particle and water.

• The particles of matter are very tiny: To check that the particles of matter are very tiny, we have to perform the given activity:

Firstly take a beaker. Then take 2-3 potassium permanganate crystals. Now we have to dissolve these in water that is of 100 milileters. Now we have to take approx 10 mL of solution. And have to put it into 90 milileters of clean water. Now take 10 mL of this solution and put it into another 90 milileters of clean water. Now we have to let it to be diluted 5 to 7 times. Observe! What you observe? Observing that the colour becomes light. It is still visible. The crystals get disturbed! That indicates that particles of matter are very tiny, beyond our imagination!!

• The particles of matter have space between them: To check that the particles of matter have space between them we have to perform the given activity:

Firstly you know how to make tea? No? Me too! Anyway let us make lemonade. Firstly take a lemon or you can take a lemonade packet too that is powdery. Now take a glass of water. Mix the powder with water. Now what you observe? We observe that the particle of a single type of matter get into the spaces between particle of the other. This show that there is enough space between particles of matter.

• Particles of matter are continuously moving: To check that the particles of matter are continuously moving, let us perform the given activity:

Take two beaker. Filled the beakers with water. Add blue ink drop slowly and very carefully along the side of any one beaker. Now drop some honey via the same way but now in the second beaker. Don't let them to be disturbed. Don't forget to note your observations. What you observe when you add blue ink drop? What you observe when you add honey? Hmm? Particles of matter are continuously moving i.e., they losses also we called kinetic energy. We observe that the particles intermix by their own! The intermixing of particles of two different matters known as Diffusion!

• Particles of matter attract each other: To check that particles of matter attract each other we have to perform the given activity:

Open water tap. Now try to break the streams of water with your fingers. What you observe? We observe that the particles of matter have force acting between them. The force keeps the particles together. Strength of the force of attraction varied from one type of matter to the other.

Answer 2

1. The matter is made up of particles.

The first question that arises is, "what is matter?" We have always learnt to describe matter as a substance, that has mass and takes up space by having volumes.

Let's do an activity, to show that every matter is made up of small particles.

Aim: To show, every matter is made up of particles.

Materials Required: 100 ml beaker, salt/sugar (to dissolve in water) and a marker.

Procedure:

• Take 100 ml beaker.
• Fill half beaker with water, and mark the level.
• Dissolve some salt/sugar into the water, mix well.
• Observe the level of water.

Observation:

It can be observed that salt/water disappears after being mixed wall with water. nevertheless, there cannot be observed any change in the level of water.

Conclusion:

This brings a conclusion that when we dissolve salt/sugar in water, the particles of salt/sugar settles somewhere in between the particle spaces of water. hence, the matter is made up of particles.

2. The particles of matter are very tiny.

Aim: To show that particles of matter are very tiny.

Materials Required: 100ml beakers, red, pink, blue any paint, and water.

Procedure:

• Take 100ml water.
• Dissolve a few drops of paint on 100ml water.
• Take out 10L of the solution and add it to 90mL of freshwater. [We are balancing the level of water to 10 ml + 90ml = 100ml]
• In the same man er keep diluting it as many times as you can.
• What do you observe?

Observation:

In the experiment, we observed that just a few drops of paint coloured a large amount of water.

Conclusion:

We can conclude from the above activity that matter is made up of tiny particles. There must exist millions of particle in few drops of paint, which kept diving themselves when we were diluting it.

3. The particles of matter have space between them.

Aim: To show, particles have space in between them.

Materials Required: 100 ml beaker, a spoon (to stir the solution) and salt/sugar (to dissolve in water)

Procedure:

• Take 100 ml beaker.
• Fill half beaker with water, and mark the level.
• Dissolve some salt/sugar into the water, mix well.
• observe. Where the salt/sugar crystal goes?

Observation:

It can be observed that salt/water disappears after being mixed wall with water. nevertheless, there cannot be observed any change in the level of water.

Conclusion:

This happens because, when. we add salt/sugar to the water and stir to dissolve, the particles of salt/sugar distribute and enter the empty spaces between the particles of water. which boils our idea down to the conclusion that particles of matter have empty spaces between them.

4. Particles of matter are continuously moving.

Aim: To show that particles of matter are continuously moving.

Materials Required: 100ml water and ink.

• Take 100ml water.
• add 3-4 drops of ink to it. (mind not wasting it, by pouring much.)
• leave it.
• come back after an hour, what do you observe? what happened to the ink?

Observation:

Ink gets dissolved into the whole water in an hour.

Conclusion:

This activity can help us to conclude that that the particles of matter are continuously moving, which made the whole water coloured within a few periods.

5. Particles of matter attract each other.

Aim: To show that particle of matter attracts each other.

Materials Required:'A coin, chalk, and a runner band.

Procedure:

• Take a coin.
• try to break the coin. What's your experience?
• Take chalk.
• Try to break it. What's your experience?
• take a rubber band.
• try to break it. What's your experience?

Observation:

It was observed that it was tougher to break a coin, difficult to break a rubber band and easier to break chalk.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that a particle of matter attracts each other which prevented them from breakage.