explain with examples. 1)atomic number 2) mass number. 3) isotopes. 4) isopars
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
1.The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element. The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element. It is identical to the charge number of the nucleus.
example, krypton's atomic number is 36. This tells us that an atom of krypton has 36 protons in its nucleus. The interesting thing here is that every atom of krypton contains 36 protons.
2. The total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus
example, an atom of carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. Thus, its mass number is 12. While the number of protons remains the same in all atoms of an element, the number of neutrons can vary.
3. Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, and consequently in nucleon number. All isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in each atom.
example, Carbon 12 and Carbon 14 are both isotopes of carbon, one with 6 neutrons and one with 8 neutrons (both with 6 protons). Carbon-12 is a stable isotope, while carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope (radioisotope).
4.Isobars are atoms of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number but have the same mass number.
example, of a series of isobars would be ⁴⁰S, ⁴⁰Cl, ⁴⁰Ar, ⁴⁰K, and ⁴⁰Ca