Question

Explain with examples (i)Atomic number (ii)Mass number (iii)isotopes(iv)isobars. Give any two uses of isotopes



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Answer 1

Explanation:

Atomic Number

the number of protons that a chemical element has in its centre (nucleus).

ex - hydrogen (H) atomic number is 1

Mass Number

the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

ex - Nitrogen (N) mass number is 14

isobars

Isobars are atoms (nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number (or number of protons) but have the same mass number.

ex- nitrogen

Isotopes

An isotope is a form of a chemical element whose atomic nucleus contains a specific number of neutron s, in addition to the number of proton s that uniquely defines the element. The nuclei of most atom s contain neutrons as well as protons.

ex - hydrogen

uses of isotopes

Radioactive isotopes have many useful applications. In medicine, for example, cobalt-60 is extensively employed as a radiation source to arrest the development of cancer. Other radioactive isotopes are used as tracers for diagnostic purposes as well as in research on metabolic processes.

Answer 2

Answer:

1) atomic number:- is the number of electrons present in an atom, for example, oxygen has 8 electrons and it's atomic number is 8

2)Mass number:- it is the sum of protons and neutrons

3)Isotopes:- are the elements having the same atomic number but a different mass number the mass number changes because of the increase in neutrons.

4) isobars:- they are the elements which have the same mass number but a different atomic number.

The two uses of Isotopes are:-

1] nuclear weapon and nuclear power require more isotopes of uranium.

2] An Isotope of cobalt is used in the treatment of cancer