Explain Zone refining.
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a technique for the purification of a crystalline material and especially a metal in which a molten region travels through the material to be refined, picks up impurities at its advancing edge, and then allows the purified part to recrystallize at its opposite edge.
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Zone refining :
This method of purification is used to obtain the metals of high purity.
Principle : "The impurities are more soluble in the liquid state than in solid state of the metal" .
- A circular movable heater is fitted at one end of the metal rod.
- The heater is slowly moved across the rod. The metal melts at the point of heating.
- The pure metal crystallises while the impurities pαss on the adjacent melted zone.
- This process is repeated several times. At one end, impurities the get concentrated and removed.
- Highly pure metals are obtained by this process.
Eg :- Elements such as Si, Ge, Ga, etc., which are used as semiconductors are refined by this method.
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