Explanation of chapter life process
Answers
Answer:
Introduction
Organisms need material from outside in order to grow, develop and synthesize proteins and other substances needed by our body. For this, nutrition is important in our body. So, we can define nutrition as :
Nutrition Definition
It is the process of intake of food to produce energy required for various metabolic activities of the body.
There are two types of metabolic processes occurring in our body : Catabolic and Anabolic
Catabolic process
Catabolic processes include breakdown processes.
Anabolic process
Anabolic process means synthesis processes.
The food that we eat has nutrients in it which provide energy.
Types of nutrients
Different types of nutrients are :
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Proteins
Fats
Minerals
Types of nutrition
On the basis of how organisms obtain food, they are of two main types:
Autotrophic nutrition
Heterotrophic nutrition
green plants
Autotrophic nutrition
It is a type of nutrition in which organisms can make its food with the help of Photosynthesis as they possess Chlorophyll. That is, they have the ability to convert solar energy into chemical energy for food, but this power is only in green plants and not animals or humans as they don’t have any photosynthetic pigment.
For example - In all green plants, the photosynthetic pigments are Chlorophyll, Carotenoids, Phycobilins, etc. Out of all, Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b are the best.
Heterotrophic nutrition
It is a type of nutrition in which organisms cannot make their own food as it lacks chlorophyll or any other photosynthetic pigments.
For example - all non green plants & animals
Classification of Heterotrophs
On the basis of how they obtain nutrition from autotrophs, hetrotrophes show different modes of obtaining food: either they act as Parasites, as Saprophytes or show Holozoic mode.
green plants
Let us discuss them one by one -
Saprophytes
Saprophytes are the organisms that feed on dead decaying matter. For example- fungi.
They secrete certain enzymes from their body surface that convert complex food into simple form and then they absorb it through general body surface.
parasites
Parasites
Parasites are organisms that live in or on the surface of other organisms to fulfill their nutritional requirements. For example - lices in human head.
This relationship can be symbiotic or non symbiotic.
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Explanation:
These basic essentials activities performed by an organism called life process. Altogether there are six life processes which predict the condition of life. Important life process include nutrition transportation metabolism.
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