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extraction of metals at top of activity series

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sodium potassium calcium magnesium
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Metals in top of the Activity series

Extracting Metals towards the Top of the Activity Series

Sodium, magnesium, calcium, aluminium, etc. are towards the top of the reactivity series. Metals fall under the top of the reactivity series cannot be obtained from their compound by the reduction using carbon. This is because metals, like sodium, calcium, aluminium, etc. have more affinity for oxygen than carbon, i.e. they are more reactive than carbon.

So metals fall at the top of the reactivity series are obtained by the process of electrolysis of their molten chlorides.

When electric current is passed through molten metal chlorides, metals ions, which are positively charged, are got deposited at the cathode (negatively charged pole). And chloride ions, which are negatively charged, got deposited at anode (positively charged pole) in the form of chlorine.

This process is called electrolytic reduction. Metals obtained in this process of electrolytic reduction are in pure form.

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