F.Answer the following.
1. Write a note on Computer hardware.
2. Describe a Motherboard and a CPU.
3. Explain briefly the use of different storage devices.
4. Explain the various types of ports used in computer system.
5. Write short note on RAM and ROM.
Answers
Answer:
1. Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the case, central processing unit (CPU), monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard. By contrast, software is the set of instructions that can be stored and run by hardware.
Computer hardware is a collective term used to describe any of the physical components of an analog or digital computer. The term hardware distinguishes the tangible aspects of a computing device from software, which consists of written instructions that tell physical components what to do.
2. A motherboard is one of the most essential parts of a computer system. It holds together many of the crucial components of a computer, including the central processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices.The motherboard is a printed circuit board and foundation of a computer that is the biggest board in a computer chassis. It allocates power and allows communication to and between the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components.A motherboard provides connectivity between the hardware components of a computer, like the processor (CPU), memory (RAM), hard drive, and video card
A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry within a computer that executes instructions that make up a computer program. The computer industry used the term "central processing unit" as early as 1955.The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the part of a computer system that is commonly referred to as the "brains" of a computer. The CPU is also known as the processor or microprocessor. The CPU is responsible for executing a sequence of stored instructions called a program .
3. A storage device is any type of computing hardware that is used for storing, porting or extracting data files and objects. Storage devices can hold and store information both temporarily and permanently. They may be internal or external to a computer, server or computing device.
4. Types of ports:
1. Serial ports –
A serial port is basically a serial communication interface through which information transforms one bit at a time. It is one of the oldest type of interfaces.
These are basically used for external modems.
These are basically available in two versions in market these are 9 pin, 25 pin model.
Data travels at a speed of 115 kilo-bits per second.
2. Parallel ports –
A parallel port is basically a parallel communication interface through which information transforms multiple bits at a time.
These are basically used to connect peripherals such as scanner or printers.
These are also known as printer port.
These are available in 25 pin model.
Data travels at a speed of 150 kilo bits per second.
3. PS/2 ports –
These are basically 6 pin mini Din connector used to connect keyboard, mice to a PC compatible computers.
These are basically used by old computers for connecting mouse or keyboard.
These are called as mouse port.
These ports are still favoured in organisation for security reason.
These ports provides no restriction on key rollover.
4. Universal serial bus port –
It is basically a standard cable connection interface between computer and external device. USB is an industrial standard for short-distance digital data communication.
Basically it can connect all types of external devices to the computer such as mouse, keyboard, printers, speakers etc.
These ports were introduced in 1997.
Minimum 2 ports are there in every computer system.
Data basically travels at a speed of 14mb/s which is much faster than serial port.
The devices that uses USB port gets power from a USB port.
5. RAM is Random Access Memory.
ROM is Read Only Memory.
RAM is the memory available for the operating system, programs and processes to use when the computer is running.
ROM is the memory that comes with your computer that is pre-written to hold the instructions for booting-up the computer.
RAM requires a flow of electricity to retain data (e.g. the computer powered on).
ROM will retain data without the flow of electricity (e.g. when computer is powered off).
RAM is a type of volatile memory. Data in RAM is not permanently written. When you power off your computer the data stored in RAM is deleted.
ROM is a type of non- volatile memory. Data in ROM is permanently written and is not erased when you power off your computer.