F. Answer the following questions in
50-70 words.
1. Why did Britain colonise India?
Answers
Answer:
did Britain colonize India? Was that colonization morally right or wrong?
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It was a hallmark of unchecked Plutocracy and what plutocracy can do if unchecked. The tragicomical thing was that it was completely unintended.
It all began on trade. India was - and is still - a very rich continent with spices. production, raw materials, goods and cotton. The British just wanted to trade - and they established trading posts at Indian coast.
Comes the . Basically a Parliament-owned cartel with monopoly rights on trading, commerce and exports. The era being one of piracy and banditry, it had its own armed forces and navy. Being not only a cartel, it was also an non-governmental military organization.
Okay. East Indian Company is a cartel, it is rich, it has monopolies on various trades and goods, and it is a non-governmental military organization. It is basically a stateless state.
Comes the India. A vast quilt of kingdoms, princedoms, sultanates and city states. Empires have come and gone, but none of them had so far ever managed to really unite India. Various Indian states are not exactly on friendly terms with each other, and none of them is really citizen state nor democracy.
What does the East India Company do? Yes, it is a finance, insurance, commerce and trading company all its own. Yes, you guessed it right. It negotiated rights with various Indian kings, sultans, maharajas and other regents - and played them against each other. In the meantime it offered its own military might to anyone who paid most.
In one century it had managed to wrap most of the Indian kingdoms, sultanates and states under financial stranglehold boosted with military force. Money is a weapon on its own class - and various Indian regents noticed that too late. The East Indian Company has become a strongman in Indian politics, and it had more or less become the new imperial force in India.
Plutocracies tend to be corrupt, arbitrary, full of misdemeanours and negligent. The East India Company was no exception, and it was universally hated. It was the first ever drug cartel in the world - it poisoned China with opium.
Comes the Opium Wars and Sepoy Mutiny. Both the Chinese envoys and Indians report of the abuse, misdemeanours, malpractises and corruption of the Company to the British Parliament.
Surprisingly, all accusations appear to be true. Britain sends in the state military force and takes over the Company. The company is disestablished and disbanded. The British government annexes the Company assets and estates and liabilities, and in the meantime also the regency of India. The is established 1858. Queen Victoria is crowned as Empress of India.
The British never really intended to conquer India: it was the result of ruthless businessmen, drug bosses, merciless bankers and private military contractors. But in the end the British managed to unite India for the first time - and create the Indian nation. That may be the final and lasting legacy of the British Raj.
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