Question

F Answer the following questions in detail.
1. How do diseases spread? Explain with suitable examples.
2. What are vaccines and how do they prevent diseases?
3. How is fungal fermentation beneficial to human beings?
4. How are bacteria and fungi useful to us? Also, discuss their harmful effects.
5. Write a note on the agricultural uses of microorganisms.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. microorganism called pathogen and cause disease in human and plants pathogen or jaam enter a healthy body through air water contaminated food and infected person by direct or indirect contact or by carrier . common elements like to cold influenza cough cold chicken pox are caused by viruses.

2. antigenic substance that develop immunity against the disease which is delivered through injection.

3.Fermentation occurs in some bacteria, yeasts and in the muscles during heavy exercise.It produces various commercially useful products like alcoholic beverages, foods enriched with different nutrients, dry sausages etc.

4.bacteria are useful to us in many ways

• bacteria like lactobacillus are used to convert milk into curd
• bacteria are involved in making of cheese
• bacteria used as a cleansing agent
• acetobacter aceti is used for producing acetic acid from alcohol.
• yeast is used in commercial production of alcohol wine beer rum brandy and bakery product.
• dad and we can microorganism are used for making vaccines
• some specific microorganism used for making antibiotics like penicillin from penicillium notatum
• area are used to fix atmospheric nitrogen and increase soil fertility
• algae yeast fungi or bacteria may be used as ingredient of substance for protein rich food that are suitable for human or animal consumption
• some microorganisms are taken as robotic that are believed to provide health benefits when consumed

harms caused by microorganisms

• microorganism are helpful to us in many ways for example microorganism called pathogens enter a healthy body through air water contaminated food infected person by direct or indirect contact aur bi carrier.
• common elements like cold cough chicken pox polio are caused by viruses
• foot mouth disease in cattle are also caused by viruses
• typhoid tuberculosis are caused by bacteria anthrax a dangerous disease in human and cattle is also caused by bacteria
• disease like dysentery Malaria caused by protozoa ringworm is caused by fungi .
• several microorganisms that reduce the yield in in plant citrus canker a bacterial disease affect trees of citrus fruit and is spread by air
• bhindi yellow vein mosaic disease caused by a virus is spread by insect in lady finger
• rust of wheat is a fungal disease spread through air microorganisms that grow on our food sometimes produced process substances these make the food poison causing serious illness even that they food Borne illness is called food poisoning.

5.Microorganism plays very important role in agriculture because the soil microbes (bacteria and fungi) are essential for decomposing organic matter and recycling old plant material. Some soil bacteria and fungi form relationships with plant roots that provide important nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus.

Explanation:

hope this helps you

mark me as brainliest