f) Arjun works as a team manager in an office in Mumbai, whereas Arpita works as a
vegetable vendor on the streets of Mumbai. Explain the differences between Arjun
and Arpita's sources of livelihood in terms of their earnings and the benefits they
receive
Answers
Answer:
CBSE Class 12 Case Studies In Business Studies – Organising
ORGANISING
Organising: Definition
Organising is the process of defining and grouping the activities of the enterprise and establishing authority relationships among them for the realisation of the desired goals.
Hierarchy: Definition
Hierarchy is the ranking of job positions on the basis of relative roles and responsibilities.
Types of Organisation
Formal organisation refers to the organisation structure which is designed by the management to accomplish a particular task.
Informal organisation emerges from within the formal organisation when people interact beyond their officially defined roles.
Steps Involved in the Process of Organizing
Identification and division of work is done in accordance with predetermined plans to avoid duplication of activities and ensure that the burden of work is being shared among the employees.
Departmentalisation involves grouping of similar activities into departments, units, sections etc. using several criteria as a basis to facilitate specialization.
Assignment of duties is done to the members as per their job positions. Once departments have been created, each of them is placed under the charge of an individual.
Establishing reporting relationships While assigning jobs, each member is told that from whom he/she has to take orders and to whom he/she will be accountable. The establishment of such clear reporting relationships help to create a well defined hierarchial structure.
Importance of Organising
Organising offers benefits of specialisation as it leads to a systematic allocation of jobs amongst the workforce as the specific employees are assigned specific job on a regular basis.
It brings clarity in working relationships by establishing a hierarchical order thereby enabling the fixation of responsibility and specification of the extent of authority to be exercised by an individual.
It leads to optimum utilisation of resources through proper allocation of jobs, and minimising the wastage of resources and efforts.
It facilitates adaptation to change and helps to create a stable organisation by incorporating changes in the organisation structure as per the needs of the changing environment.
It leads to effective administration by providing a clear description of jobs and related duties which helps to avoid confusion and duplication.
It fosters development of personnel as delegation helps to build the ability of the subordinate to deal effectively with challenges and helps them to realise their full potential.
It leads to expansion and growth of an enterprise by enabling it to deviate from existing norms and taking up new challenges
Explanation: