F. Give long answers for the following questions.
1. Explain the working of hydrological cycle with the help of a neatly
labelled diagram.
2. What are the causes for the occurrence of tides and currents?
3. What do you know about the importance of tides?
4. Write about the main effects of ocean currents. Give examples
wherever possible.
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
answer 1
The working is as follows:
Water is continuously moving from the earth’s surface into the atmosphere and back again to the earth’s surface.
Water from the different water bodies reaches the atmosphere through evaporation in the form of water vapour.
Due to the loss of heat in the atmosphere, the process of condensation takes place. Thus, water vapour is converted back into water drops.
This leads to the precipitation in the form of rain, snow or sleet.
Water that falls on the land in the form of rain collects in ponds or flows as streams or rivers.
This never-ending movement of water is called hydrological cycle or water cycle. Thus, the water cycle has no beginning or end.
answer 2
The strong gravitational pull exerted by the Sun and Moon on the Earth's surface causes the tides. Ocean currents are streams of water flowing constantly on the ocean surface in definite directions. The ocean currents may be warm or cold.
answer3
Tides cause changes in the depth of the sea, and also produce oscillating currents known as tidal streams, making prediction of tides important for coastal navigation. The strip of seashore that is submerged at high tide and exposed at low tide, the intertidal zone, is an important ecological product of ocean tides.
answer 4
Ocean currents have the following effects: I. Winds blowing over a warm current become warm and at the same time, pick up moisture, as warm winds are able to retain more moisture. Thus, the wind that reaches the land brings down the temperature and causes heavy rainfall.
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