Factorise each of the following polynomials by regrouping. a) a² + ab - a - b b) x^3 – 2x^2 + 4x - 8 c) px + qy - py - qx d) 9pr + p - 9r - 1
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a) a² + ab - a - b
= a(a + b) - 1(a + b)
= (a - 1)(a + b)
b) x^3 – 2x^2 + 4x - 8
= x^2(x - 2) + 2(x - 2)
= (x^2 + 2)(x - 2)
c) px + qy - py - qx
= px - py + qy - qx
= p(x - y) - q(x - y)
= (p - q)(x - y)
d) 9pr + p - 9r - 1
= p(9r + 1) - 1(9r + 1)
= (p - 1)(9r + 1)
= a(a + b) - 1(a + b)
= (a - 1)(a + b)
b) x^3 – 2x^2 + 4x - 8
= x^2(x - 2) + 2(x - 2)
= (x^2 + 2)(x - 2)
c) px + qy - py - qx
= px - py + qy - qx
= p(x - y) - q(x - y)
= (p - q)(x - y)
d) 9pr + p - 9r - 1
= p(9r + 1) - 1(9r + 1)
= (p - 1)(9r + 1)
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