Factors affecting soil formation
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Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. There are various forces of nature which act as the factors that are responsible for the formation of soil. They can be divided into three major categories:
Parent material: This is the original material that the soil develops from. It may be due to rock decomposition, or that has been deposited by wind, water, or ice. The character, chemical composition of the parent material is determines the soil properties, especially during the early stages of development.Climate: Climatic conditions for example, changes in temperature determine the vegetation cover and weathering processes. This in turn decides the texture of the soil formed.Topography: For the soil to form it needs to stay clear of any form of erosion caused by running waters or glaciers or winds. And this erosion takes away the parent soil and stops the further processing of new soil.
Parent material: This is the original material that the soil develops from. It may be due to rock decomposition, or that has been deposited by wind, water, or ice. The character, chemical composition of the parent material is determines the soil properties, especially during the early stages of development.Climate: Climatic conditions for example, changes in temperature determine the vegetation cover and weathering processes. This in turn decides the texture of the soil formed.Topography: For the soil to form it needs to stay clear of any form of erosion caused by running waters or glaciers or winds. And this erosion takes away the parent soil and stops the further processing of new soil.
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FACTORS OF SOIL FORMATION
- parent rock
- relief
- flora -fauna and microorganisms
- time
- climate
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