Question

Factors affecting the critical angle.​

Answer 1

☆ Factors affecting the critical angle :

• The critical angle for a given pair of media depends on their refractive indices. But the refractive index of a medium is affected by the following two factors :

➣ the colour (or wavelength) of light

➣ temperature

✠ Therefore, the critical angle also depends on two factors : ① the colour of light and ② temperature.

① ➝ Dependence on the colour of light : The refractive index of a transparent medium decreases with the increase of wavelength of light (it is the most for violet light and least for red light), therefore the critical angle for a pair of media is the least for violet light and the most for red light i.e. the critical angle increases with the increase in wavelength of light.

② ➝ Dependence on temperature : On increasing the temperature of a medium, its refractive index decreases, so the critical angle for the pair of media increases. Thus, critical angle increases with the increase in temperature.

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Answer 2

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The critical angle of a medium depends upon the refractive index, wavelength of light and the temperature of the medium

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