Factors responsible for location of sugar industry in india
Answers
factors =
1. Low Yield of Sugarcane:
Although India has the largest area under sugarcane cultivation, the yield per hectare is extremely low as compared to some of the major sugarcane producing countries of the world. For example, India’s yield is only 64.5 tonnes/hectare as compared to 90 tonnes in Java and 121 tonnes in Hawaii.
This leads to low overall production and results in short supply of sugarcane to sugar mills. Efforts are being made to solve this problem through the introduction of high yielding, early maturing, frost resistant and high sucrose content varieties of sugarcane as well as by controlling diseases and pests which are harmful for sugarcane.
2. Short crushing season:
Manufacturing of sugar is a seasonal phenomena with a short crushing season varying normally from 4 to 7 months in a year. The mills and its workers remain idle during the remaining period of the year, thus creating financial problems for the industry as a whole. One possible method to increase the crushing season is to sow and harvest sugarcane at proper intervals in different areas adjoining the sugar mill. This will increase the duration of supply of sugarcane to sugar mills.
3. Fluctuating Production Trends:
Sugarcane has to compete with several other food and cash crops like cotton, oil seeds, rice, etc. Consequently, the land available to sugarcane cultivation is not the same and the total production of sugarcane fluctuates. This affects the supply of sugarcane to the mills and the production of sugar also varies from year to year.
4. Low rate of recovery:
It is clear from Table 27.29 that the average rate of recovery in India is less than ten per cent which is quite low as compared to other major sugar producing countries. For example recovery rate is as high as 14-16 per cent in Java, Hawaii and Australia.
5. High cost of Production:
High cost of sugarcane, inefficient technology, uneconomic process of production and heavy excise duty result in high cost of manufacturing. The production cost of sugar in India is one of the highest in the world. Intense research is required to increase the sugarcane production in the agricultural field and to introduce new technology of production efficiency in the sugar mills. Production cost can also be reduced through proper utilisation of by- products of the industry.
For example, bagasse can be used for manufacturing paper pulp, insulating board, plastic, carbon cortex etc. Molasses comprise another important by-product which can be gainfully used for the manufacture of power alcohol.
This, in its turn, is useful in manufacturing DDT, acetate rayon, polythene, synthetic rubber, plastics, toilet preparations, etc. It can also be utilised for conversion into edible molasses and cattle feed. Press-mud can be used for extracting wax
Answer:
Sugar cane, sugar beet, or any other sugar crop can be used to make sugar. However, the primary source of sugar in India is sugarcane. This is currently India's second-largest agricultural sector after the cotton textile industry.
Explanation:
Factors responsible for the location of the sugar industry in India
1. Weak Sugarcane Yield:
Despite having the most land dedicated to sugarcane farming, India's output per hectare is incredibly poor compared to some of the other top global producers. For instance, India's yield is just 64.5 tonnes/hectare, far lower than Java's 90 tonnes and Hawaii's 121 tonnes.
Because of this, total production is poor, and sugar mills struggle to get enough sugarcane. The development of high yielding, early maturing, frost resistant, and high sucrose content sugarcane cultivars and the management of pests and diseases damaging to sugarcane are all efforts being made to address this issue.
2. a brief crushing season
Sugar production is a seasonal phenomenon with a brief crushing season that typically lasts between four and seven months yearly. The mills and their employees are idle for the remainder of the year, which causes financial issues for the sector as a whole. To extend the crushing season, sugarcane can be sown and harvested at appropriate intervals at various locations close to the sugar mill. This will lengthen the time that sugar mills have access to sugarcane.
3.Variable Production Trends:
Other food and cash crops must compete with sugarcane, including cotton, oil seeds, rice, and others. As a result, there are variations in the amount of land that may be used for sugarcane farming, which causes variations in overall production. This has an impact on how much sugarcane is supplied to the mills, and it also impacts how much sugar is produced each year.
4. Low recovery rate:
Table 27.29 shows that India's average recovery rate is less than 10%, which is relatively low compared to other significant sugar-producing nations. For instance, the recovery rate in Australia, Hawaii, and Java might reach up to 14–16%.
5. High production costs:
The high cost of manufacturing is caused by the excessive cost of sugarcane, ineffective technology, uneconomical production method, and high excise tax. India has one of the highest sugar-producing costs in the world. To boost sugarcane output in the agricultural sector and to implement new production efficiency technologies in the sugar mills, extensive research is needed. By-products from the industry can be used effectively to cut production costs.
Bagasse, for instance, may be used to make plastic, carbon cortex, insulating board, paper pulp, and more. Another significant by-product that may be used profitably to make power alcohol is molasses.
This is then employed in producing DDT, acetate rayon, polythene, synthetic rubber, plastics, and other products, including toilet preparations. It may also be used to make cow feed and molasses that can be consumed. To extract wax, employ press-mud.