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The February Revolution (Russian: Февра́льская револю́ция, IPA: [fʲɪvˈralʲskəjə rʲɪvɐˈlʲutsɨjə], tr. Febrálʹskaya revolyútsiya), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution,[2] was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917.
February Revolution
Part of the Russian Revolution,
Revolutions of 1917–23
Демонстрация работниц Путиловского завода в первый день Февральской революции 1917.jpg
Putilov Factory workers protesting in the streets,
8 March [O.S. 23 February]
Date 8–16 March 1917 [O.S. 23 Feb.–3 Mar.]
Location
Russia Petrograd, Russian Empire
Result
Revolutionary victory:
Abdication of Nicholas II
Formation of the Republic
Establishment of dual power between the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet
Belligerents
Imperial Government:
Lesser Coat of Arms of Russian Empire.svg Petrograd Police
Lesser Coat of Arms of Russian Empire.svg Gendarmes
Lesser Coat of Arms of Russian Empire.svg Ministry of Internal Affairs
Lesser Coat of Arms of Russian Empire.svg Petrograd Garrison
Russia Protesters:
SR (and Revolyutsionnaya Mysl') electoral symbol, November 1917 election.svg SRs
RSDLP
Soldiers, factory workers, etc.
Russia Progressive Bloc
Commanders and leaders
Nicholas II
Nikolai Golitsyn
Sergey Khabalov
Mikhail Belyaev
Nikolai Ivanov
Russia Various
Strength
Petrograd Police: 3,500
Casualties and losses
1,443 killed in Petrograd[1]
The main events of the revolution took place in and near Petrograd (present-day St. Petersburg), the then-capital of Russia, where long-standing discontent with the monarchy erupted into mass protests against food rationing on 23 February Old Style (8 March New Style).[3] Revolutionary activity lasted about eight days, involving mass demonstrations and violent armed clashes with police and gendarmes, the last loyal forces of the Russian monarchy. On 27 February O.S. (12 March N.S.) mutinous Russian Army forces sided with the revolutionaries. Three days later Tsar Nicholas II abdicated, ending Romanov dynastic rule and the Russian Empire. A Russian Provisional Government under Prince Georgy Lvov replaced the Council of Ministers of Russia.
The revolution appeared to break out without any real leadership or formal planning.[4] Russia had been suffering from a number of economic and social problems, which compounded after the start of World War I in 1914. Disaffected soldiers from the city's garrison joined bread rioters, primarily women in bread lines, and industrial strikers on the streets. As more and more troops deserted, and with loyal troops away at the Front, the city fell into chaos, leading to the overthrow of the Tsar. In all, over 1,300 people were killed during the protests of February 1917