Features of bryophyta
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A CHARACTERISTICS OF BRYOPHYTA
> Are called amphibians of plant kingdom
>some are aquatic
>cuticle and stomata are absent
>are photosynthetic
> there are no specialized tissue for conduction of water or other materials from one part of the plant body to another
> commonly differentiated to form stem and leaf like structures
some examples are moss(Funaria) , Riccia , Marchantia
hope this will help you..........
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All of these are land plants (terrestrial) with some aquatic forms.
They are very small. The sporophyte and gametophyte have very different morphologies (heteromorphic generations) and the sporophyte is usually partly dependent on the gametophyte.
Photosynthetic, non-vascular plants
Plant body is either :-
Thalloid and attached to the substratum by hair-like structures called rhizoids (true roots are absent) or
is differentiated into stem-like (caulalia) and leaf-like structures (phyllids), true stems and leaves lacking.
Cuticle and stomata are absent.
The bryophytes show alternation of generations - the haploid gametophyte (producing gametes for sexual reproduction) alternates with diploid sporophyte (producing spores for asexual reproduction).
Gametophytes homothallic or heterothallic.
The gametophyte generation is dominant, conspicuous and independent.
The female sex organ is the archegonium.
The male sex organs are antheridia.
The ovum remains in the archegonium and spermatozoids swim to it by chemotaxis.
Although bryophytes are land plants, they are still dependent upon water for fertilization, as the sperm swim in a water film.
The sporophyte is attached and dependent upon the gametophyte for nutrition i.e. is parasitic on the gametophyte
The diploid sporophyte usually consists of a basal foot, an elevating seta and a terminal sporangium - the capsule
Spores are produced as a direct result of meiosis.
Spores dispersed by a mechanism which ensures dispersal in dry weather only.
These plants (in either generation) lack specialized cells for the transport of materials (vascular tissue). Absence of vascular tissue limits bryophytes to moist habitats and small size.
They are very small. The sporophyte and gametophyte have very different morphologies (heteromorphic generations) and the sporophyte is usually partly dependent on the gametophyte.
Photosynthetic, non-vascular plants
Plant body is either :-
Thalloid and attached to the substratum by hair-like structures called rhizoids (true roots are absent) or
is differentiated into stem-like (caulalia) and leaf-like structures (phyllids), true stems and leaves lacking.
Cuticle and stomata are absent.
The bryophytes show alternation of generations - the haploid gametophyte (producing gametes for sexual reproduction) alternates with diploid sporophyte (producing spores for asexual reproduction).
Gametophytes homothallic or heterothallic.
The gametophyte generation is dominant, conspicuous and independent.
The female sex organ is the archegonium.
The male sex organs are antheridia.
The ovum remains in the archegonium and spermatozoids swim to it by chemotaxis.
Although bryophytes are land plants, they are still dependent upon water for fertilization, as the sperm swim in a water film.
The sporophyte is attached and dependent upon the gametophyte for nutrition i.e. is parasitic on the gametophyte
The diploid sporophyte usually consists of a basal foot, an elevating seta and a terminal sporangium - the capsule
Spores are produced as a direct result of meiosis.
Spores dispersed by a mechanism which ensures dispersal in dry weather only.
These plants (in either generation) lack specialized cells for the transport of materials (vascular tissue). Absence of vascular tissue limits bryophytes to moist habitats and small size.
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