features of spherical mirrors
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Answer:
There are two kinds of spherical mirrors, concave and convex. The focal point (F) of a concave mirror is the point at which a parallel beam of light is "focussed" after reflection in the mirror.
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Answer:
A spherical mirror is a mirror which has the shape of a piece cut out of a spherical surface. There are two types of spherical mirrors: concave, and convex. These are illustrated in Fig. 68. The most commonly occurring examples of concave mirrors are shaving mirrors and makeup mirrors. As is well-known, these types of mirrors magnify objects placed close to them. The most commonly occurring examples of convex mirrors are the passenger-side wing mirrors of cars. These type of mirrors have wider fields of view than equivalent flat mirrors, but objects which appear in them generally look smaller (and, therefore, farther away) than they actually are.
In our study of concave mirrors, we are going to assume that all light-rays which strike a mirror parallel to its principal axis (e.g., all rays emanating from a distant object) are brought to a focus at the same point $F$. Of course, as mentioned above, this is only an approximation. It turns out that as rays from a distant object depart further from the principal axis of a concave mirror they are brought to a focus ever closer to the mirror, as shown in Fig. 70. This lack of perfect focusing of a spherical mirror is called spherical aberration. The approximation in which we neglect spherical aberration is called the paraxial approximation.3 Likewise, the study of image formation under this approximation is known as paraxial optics. This field of optics was first investigated systematically by the famous German mathematician Karl Friedrich Gauss in 1841.
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