file on role of microorganisms in industries for class11
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Certain properties make microorganisms well suited for industrial processes. Microorganisms not only possess a broad variety of enzymes to make an array of chemical conversions possible, but they also have a relatively high metabolic activity that permits conversions to take place rapidly.
In addition, they have a large surface area for quick absorption of nutrients, and release of end-products. Moreover, they usually multiply at a high rate, as evidenced by the 20-minute generation time for Escherichia coli under ideal conditions.
In the industrial process, microorganisms act like chemical factories. To be effective, they should liberate a large amount of a single product that can be efficiently isolated and purified. The microorganisms should be easy to maintain and cultivate, and should have genetic stability with infrequent mutations.
In addition, they have a large surface area for quick absorption of nutrients, and release of end-products. Moreover, they usually multiply at a high rate, as evidenced by the 20-minute generation time for Escherichia coli under ideal conditions.
In the industrial process, microorganisms act like chemical factories. To be effective, they should liberate a large amount of a single product that can be efficiently isolated and purified. The microorganisms should be easy to maintain and cultivate, and should have genetic stability with infrequent mutations.
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