Question

Fill in the blanks in the following statements
(a) The horizontal rows in a periodic table are called ...............
(b) In going across a period (right to left) in periodic table, the atomic size of the atom ...............
(c) On moving form right to left in the second period, the number of valency electrons ...............
(d) On going down in a group in the periodic table, the metallic character of elements ...............
(e) The tendency to gain an electron ............... on moving down in a group of the periodic table.

Answer 1

Answer:

a) periods b) increases c) decrease d) increases e) decrease

Answer 2

(a) The horizontal rows in a periodic table are called period.

(b) In going across a period (right to left) in periodic table, the atomic size of the atom increases.

(c) On moving form right to left in the second period, the number of valency electrons decreases.

(d) On going down in a group in the periodic table, the metallic character of elements increases.

(e) The tendency to gain an electron decreases on moving down in a group of the periodic table.

Explanation:

Horizontal rows are the rows which move across left to right or vice versa in a periodic table. And, when we move across a group from top to bottom then it represents the vertical line.

Atomic size of the elements increases on moving from top to bottom due to the addition of shells into the atoms. With this increase in size there occurs a decrease in tendency to gain an electron because valence shell is away from the nucleus. So, force of attraction applied by the nucleus is lesser.

But when we move across a group then metallic character increases because then tendency to lose electrons also increases.

When we move from left to right in a period then there occurs an increase in number of valence electrons.

Learn more about rows and periods:

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